Trying to conceive without success can leave couples with many questions. You may have tracked ovulation, adjusted your lifestyle, tried different approaches and wondered why pregnancy hasn’t happened yet. If this sounds familiar, you’re not alone, and there are medical options worth exploring.
IVF for couples with infertility is a fertility treatment in which eggs are fertilised with sperm in a laboratory, and a resulting embryo is transferred into the uterus in an attempt to achieve pregnancy. It may help couples experiencing blocked fallopian tubes, certain sperm-related problems, ovulation disorders, endometriosis or unexplained infertility. Whether IVF is the right option depends on a proper assessment of both partners.
At Doren Fertility Centre, couples can explore IVF and other fertility treatments with guidance from fertility professionals. Understanding how IVF works, when it may be recommended and what to expect can help you approach the next step with greater confidence.
What Is IVF for Couples with Infertility?
In vitro fertilisation (IVF) is a form of assisted reproductive technology (ART). It involves collecting eggs from the ovaries, fertilising them with sperm in a laboratory and transferring a resulting embryo into the uterus.
Unlike natural conception, where fertilisation usually happens inside a fallopian tube, IVF allows fertilisation to take place outside the body under controlled laboratory conditions.
IVF may be recommended when a couple has difficulty conceiving naturally, when other fertility treatments have not worked, or when their assessment suggests that IVF offers an appropriate treatment pathway.
However, IVF is not automatically the first treatment for every couple experiencing infertility. Some couples may benefit from medication, surgery or intrauterine insemination (IUI), depending on their diagnosis.
What Causes Infertility in Couples?
Infertility can involve the female partner, the male partner, both partners or circumstances where no clear cause is identified. That is why evaluating both people is an essential part of fertility care.
1. Female-factor infertility
Several conditions affecting the female reproductive system can make conception difficult.
Blocked or damaged fallopian tubes: The fallopian tubes normally allow sperm and egg to meet. If both tubes are blocked or significantly damaged, natural conception may be difficult. IVF bypasses the need for fertilisation to occur inside the tubes.
Ovulation disorders: Irregular or absent ovulation can reduce the opportunity for an egg to be fertilised. Conditions such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) may affect ovulation.
Endometriosis: This condition occurs when tissue similar to the lining of the uterus grows elsewhere in the body. Depending on its severity and effects on reproductive organs, it may contribute to infertility.
Age-related changes in fertility: Female fertility generally declines with age, partly because egg quantity and quality change over time. Age can also influence the likelihood of IVF success.
Uterine conditions: Fibroids, polyps and certain structural abnormalities may affect fertility or pregnancy outcomes, depending on their location and severity.
2. Male-factor infertility
Male fertility is equally important in a couple’s assessment. Problems involving sperm production, movement or function can affect the likelihood of fertilisation.
Common male-factor concerns include:
- Low sperm count.
- Poor sperm motility, meaning sperm do not move effectively.
- Abnormal sperm morphology, referring to sperm shape.
- Blockages affecting sperm transport.
- Hormonal conditions that affect sperm production.
- Certain infections, medical conditions or previous treatments that affect reproductive function.
A semen analysis is commonly used to assess sperm concentration, movement and other characteristics. Additional investigations may be recommended when necessary.
3. Unexplained infertility
Sometimes, fertility investigations do not identify a clear reason why a couple has been unable to conceive.
This is known as unexplained infertility. It does not mean that the difficulty is imaginary or that no medical factors exist. Rather, the available tests have not established a definite cause.
Depending on the couple’s age, medical history and duration of infertility, a fertility specialist may recommend further evaluation, expectant management or treatment such as IUI or IVF.
Your Fertility Journey Starts with Understanding Your Options
Every couple’s fertility journey is different. Whether you’re considering IVF for the first time or exploring treatment after previous attempts, getting the right medical guidance can help you make informed decisions.
When Should Couples Consider IVF?
There is no single answer that applies to every couple. IVF may be worth discussing with a fertility specialist in the following circumstances:
- Both fallopian tubes are blocked or severely damaged.
- Significant male-factor infertility affects the chances of natural conception.
- Other fertility treatments have not resulted in pregnancy.
- Endometriosis or another reproductive condition is affecting fertility.
- The couple has unexplained infertility and IVF is considered appropriate after assessment.
- Age or other medical factors make timely fertility treatment particularly important.
Couples generally should seek a fertility assessment after 12 months of regular, unprotected intercourse without pregnancy when the female partner is under 35, or after six months when she is 35 or older. Earlier assessment is advisable when there are known fertility concerns, irregular or absent periods, suspected tubal disease or other relevant medical factors.
You do not necessarily have to wait until these timeframes have passed if something already suggests a fertility problem.
How Does IVF Work for Couples with Infertility?
Understanding the IVF procedure step by step can make the experience feel less unfamiliar. Although the exact protocol varies between patients, a typical IVF cycle includes the following stages.
Step 1: Fertility assessment for both partners
Before treatment begins, the fertility team reviews the couple’s medical history and investigates possible causes of infertility.
For the female partner, investigations may include hormone tests, pelvic ultrasound and assessment of the uterus and fallopian tubes where indicated.
For the male partner, a semen analysis is commonly performed. Further testing may be recommended based on the results.
These findings help the specialist determine whether IVF is appropriate and whether additional treatment or investigations are needed.
Step 2: Ovarian stimulation
In a typical stimulated IVF cycle, the woman takes prescribed fertility medications to encourage the ovaries to develop multiple follicles, which may contain eggs.
The treatment team monitors the response through ultrasound scans and, when indicated, blood tests. Medication doses and treatment duration are adjusted according to the individual’s response.
Not every patient follows the same protocol. Some may be suitable for natural-cycle or mild-stimulation IVF, depending on their circumstances.
Step 3: Egg retrieval
When the follicles are considered ready, medication is given to trigger final egg maturation at a carefully timed interval before egg collection.
Egg retrieval is usually performed using an ultrasound-guided needle, often with sedation. The collected eggs are then assessed by the embryology team.
As with any medical procedure, egg retrieval carries potential risks, which the fertility specialist should explain before treatment.
Step 4: Sperm collection and fertilisation
A sperm sample is obtained and prepared for use in the laboratory. The eggs may then be fertilised using conventional IVF, where eggs and sperm are placed together, or through intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), where a single sperm is injected directly into an egg.
ICSI may be recommended for selected cases, particularly certain forms of male-factor infertility or previous fertilisation difficulties.
It is not necessary for every IVF cycle, and the specialist should explain why a particular method is being considered.
Step 5: Embryo development
After fertilisation, the embryology team monitors the embryos as they develop over the following days.
Not every egg will fertilise, and not every fertilised egg will develop into an embryo suitable for transfer or freezing. This is a normal part of the process and one reason why treatment outcomes can vary.
Depending on embryo development and the treatment plan, transfer may take place a few days after fertilisation, or the embryos may be frozen for a later transfer.
Step 6: Embryo transfer
An embryo selected for transfer is placed into the uterus using a thin catheter. The procedure is generally straightforward and does not usually require general anaesthesia.
The timing depends on the patient’s treatment plan. Some embryos are transferred during the same cycle as egg retrieval, while others are frozen and transferred in a later cycle.
A transfer does not guarantee implantation or pregnancy, but it represents an important stage of the treatment process.
Step 7: Pregnancy testing
The fertility team will advise the couple when to take a pregnancy test, usually around 9–14 days after embryo transfer, depending on the clinic’s protocol and type of transfer.
Testing too early may produce a misleading result. Follow the clinic’s instructions and contact the team if you have concerns about symptoms or medication.
If the result is positive, further monitoring is needed to assess the developing pregnancy. If it is negative, the fertility specialist can review the cycle and discuss possible next steps.
Your Fertility Journey Starts with Understanding Your Options
Every couple’s fertility journey is different. Whether you’re considering IVF for the first time or exploring treatment after previous attempts, getting the right medical guidance can help you make informed decisions.
How Successful Is IVF for Couples with Infertility?
IVF success varies from one couple to another. There is no single percentage that accurately describes every patient’s chances.
Several factors influence the likelihood of success:
Female partner’s age: Age is an important factor, particularly when using the patient’s own eggs, because egg quantity and quality generally decline over time.
Cause of infertility: The diagnosis, severity of the problem and whether other reproductive conditions are present can influence outcomes.
Egg and sperm quality: The number of eggs retrieved, fertilisation results and embryo development all affect the available treatment options.
Uterine and general health factors: Conditions affecting the uterus, as well as relevant medical and lifestyle factors, may influence treatment planning and pregnancy outcomes.
Previous IVF outcomes: Results from earlier cycles can provide useful information when deciding whether to adjust a treatment protocol or consider additional investigations.
When discussing IVF success rates, ask whether the figures refer to pregnancy per embryo transfer, pregnancy per egg retrieval or live birth per treatment cycle. These are different measures and should not be compared as though they mean the same thing.
A fertility specialist can explain the clinic’s relevant outcome data and discuss which factors apply to your individual circumstances. Be cautious of anyone promising a guaranteed pregnancy.
How Much Does IVF Cost in Nigeria?
The cost of IVF in Nigeria varies between fertility centres and depends on the patient’s treatment plan.
The total amount may be affected by:
- Initial consultations and fertility investigations.
- Fertility medications and monitoring.
- Egg retrieval and laboratory fertilisation.
- Whether ICSI is required.
- Embryo freezing and storage.
- Frozen embryo transfer in a later cycle.
- Additional procedures or investigations when medically indicated.
Before beginning treatment, ask for a written breakdown of the expected costs. Confirm which services and medications are included, whether embryo freezing or storage attracts additional charges, and what happens financially if the cycle requires cancellation or another transfer.
It is also sensible to discuss the possibility of needing more than one treatment cycle. Planning for these possibilities can help couples make informed financial decisions without relying on unrealistic promises.
For current IVF pricing and the available treatment options, contact Doren Fertility Centre directly.
IVF vs IUI: Which Is Better for Couples with Infertility?
IVF and intrauterine insemination (IUI) are different fertility treatments. Neither is automatically the better choice for every couple.
IUI involves placing prepared sperm directly into the uterus around the time of ovulation. Fertilisation still occurs inside the body. It may be appropriate for selected cases, including some couples with unexplained infertility or mild male-factor infertility.
IVF involves fertilising eggs in a laboratory before transferring an embryo into the uterus. It may be recommended when there are significant tubal problems, certain sperm-related concerns or other circumstances in which IUI is less suitable.
The decision depends on the cause of infertility, the couple’s medical history, age, previous treatments and personal circumstances.
A fertility specialist can explain which option is most appropriate and why.
What Should Couples Do Before Starting IVF?
Preparing for IVF involves more than taking medication. A few practical steps can help you approach treatment with a clearer understanding of what lies ahead.
1. Attend the consultation together
Whenever possible, both partners should participate in the initial discussion. This gives the specialist a more complete picture of the couple’s fertility history and allows both people to ask questions.
2. Bring previous medical records
Bring relevant test results, previous treatment summaries, scan reports and details of medications. This can help avoid unnecessary repetition of investigations.
3. Ask about the proposed treatment plan
Understand why IVF is being recommended, whether ICSI may be needed and what alternatives are available. Ask about the expected timeline, possible side effects and circumstances that could change the plan.
4. Discuss emotional and practical support
Fertility treatment can involve uncertainty, repeated appointments and difficult decisions. Agree on how you will support one another and consider professional counselling if either partner is struggling emotionally.
5. Follow medical advice
Take prescribed medications as directed, attend monitoring appointments and discuss supplements, existing medical conditions and lifestyle changes with your treatment team.
Avoid starting fertility medications or changing prescribed doses without professional guidance.
Common Myths About IVF and Infertility
Myth 1: Infertility is always a woman’s problem
Fact: Infertility may involve female factors, male factors, both partners or an unexplained cause. Both partners should be assessed.
Myth 2: IVF guarantees a baby
Fact: IVF can help many couples achieve pregnancy, but it does not guarantee implantation, pregnancy or live birth. Outcomes depend on individual circumstances.
Myth 3: Couples should try naturally for years before seeking help
Fact: The appropriate time to seek an assessment depends on age, medical history and known risk factors. Earlier evaluation may be necessary in some cases.
Myth 4: Every couple needs IVF
Fact: Some couples may conceive with less invasive treatment, while others may benefit from IVF or another specialised approach. Treatment should follow a proper assessment.
Myth 5: Male fertility does not need to be investigated if the woman is undergoing IVF
Fact: Male-factor assessment remains important because sperm quality can affect fertilisation and treatment planning.
Frequently Asked Questions About IVF for Couples with Infertility
1. Can IVF help couples who have been trying to conceive for years?
Yes. IVF may help couples who have experienced infertility for an extended period, depending on the cause and other medical factors. A fertility assessment can help determine whether IVF is suitable and what outcomes may realistically be expected.
2. How long does IVF take from start to finish?
A typical stimulated IVF cycle may take around four to six weeks from the start of treatment to embryo transfer, although preparation, frozen embryo transfer and additional investigations can extend the timeline. Your clinic will provide a schedule based on your protocol.
3. Can IVF work if the man has a low sperm count?
Yes, IVF may be an option for some couples experiencing male-factor infertility. ICSI, which involves injecting a single sperm into an egg, may be considered depending on the semen analysis and other findings. The most suitable approach depends on the severity and cause of the problem.
4. Is IVF painful?
Experiences vary. Fertility injections may cause discomfort, bloating or bruising. Egg retrieval is commonly performed with sedation, while embryo transfer is usually a relatively simple procedure. Your treatment team should explain expected discomfort, side effects and warning signs.
5. Is IVF the only option for unexplained infertility?
No. Depending on the couple’s age, duration of infertility and previous investigations, options may include expectant management, ovarian stimulation with IUI or IVF. A specialist can explain the potential benefits and limitations of each approach.
6. Can a couple try IVF after a failed cycle?
Yes. A failed IVF cycle does not automatically mean that future treatment cannot work. The specialist may review the ovarian response, fertilisation, embryo development and transfer details before recommending another cycle or additional investigations.
7. Where can couples get IVF treatment in Uyo, Akwa Ibom State?
Couples seeking fertility care in Uyo can contact Doren Fertility Centre at 30 Akpa Ube Lane, Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. The centre offers IVF and other fertility services. Call +234 706 511 4111 to enquire about a consultation and the next steps.
Conclusion: Take the Next Step Towards Understanding Your Fertility Options
Infertility can be difficult to navigate, especially when the reason for not conceiving is unclear. But you do not have to make decisions based on guesswork, pressure from others or unverified information.
IVF for couples with infertility may offer a treatment option when natural conception has been difficult or other approaches have not worked. The most useful starting point is to understand the underlying fertility concerns, review the available options and discuss a realistic treatment plan with a qualified specialist.
At Doren Fertility Centre, couples can explore IVF, ICSI, IUI and other fertility services with professional guidance tailored to their circumstances.
Ready to discuss your fertility options? Contact Doren Fertility Centre to arrange a consultation and learn which next steps may be appropriate for you and your partner.